## Graph Traversal (BFS and DFS)

 Question 1
An articulation point in a connected graph is a vertex such that removing the vertex and its incident edges disconnects the graph into two or more connected components.
Let T be a DFS tree obtained by doing DFS in a connected undirected graph G.
Which of the following options is/are correct?
 A Root of T can never be an articulation point in G. B Root of T is an articulation point in G if and only if it has 2 or more children. C A leaf of T can be an articulation point in G. D If u is an articulation point in G such that x is an ancestor of u in T and y is a descendent of u in T, then all paths from x to y in G must pass through u.
GATE CSE 2021 SET-1   Algorithm
Question 1 Explanation:
 Question 2
G is an undirected graph with vertex set {v1, v2, v3, v4, v5, v6, v7} and edge set {v1v2, v1v3, v1v4 ,v2v4, v2v5, v3v4, v4v5, v4v6, v5v6, v6v7 }. A breadth first search of the graph is performed with v1 as the root node. Which of the following is a tree edge?
 A v2v4 B v1v4 C v4v5 D v3v4
ISRO CSE 2020   Algorithm
Question 2 Explanation:
 Question 3
Which of the following is application of Breath First Search on the graph?
 A Finding diameter of the graph B Finding bipartite graph C Both (A) and (B) D None of the above
ISRO CSE 2018   Algorithm
Question 3 Explanation:
 Question 4
Let G be a simple undirected graph. Let TD be a depth first search tree of G. Let TB be a breadth first search tree of G. Consider the following statements.

(I) No edge of G is a cross edge with respect to TD. (A cross edge in G is between two nodes neither of which is an ancestor of the other in TD.)
(II) For every edge (u,v) of G, if u is at depth i and v is at depth j in TB, then |i-j|=1.

Which of the statements above must necessarily be true?
 A I only B II only C Both I and II D Neither I nor II
GATE CSE 2018   Algorithm
Question 4 Explanation:
 Question 5
The Breadth First Search (BFS) algorithm has been implemented using the queue data structure. Which one of the following is a possible order of visiting the nodes in the graph below?
 A MNOPQR B NQMPOR C QMNROP D POQNMR
GATE CSE 2017 SET-2   Algorithm
Question 5 Explanation:
 Question 6
Breadth First Search(BFS) is started on a binary tree beginning from the root vertex. There is a vertex t at a distance four from the root. If t is the n-th vertex in this BFS traversal, then the maximum possible value of n is______ .
 A 16 B 15 C 31 D 32
GATE CSE 2016 SET-2   Algorithm
Question 6 Explanation:
 Question 7
Consider the following directed graph:

The number of different topological orderings of the vertices of the graph is
 A 4 B 5 C 6 D 7
GATE CSE 2016 SET-1   Algorithm
Question 7 Explanation:
 Question 8
Let G = (V, E) be a simple undirected graph, and s be a particular vertex in it called the source. For $x \in V$, let d(x) denote the shortest distance in G from s to x. A breadth first search (BFS) is performed starting at s. Let T be the resultant BFS tree. If (u,v) is an edge of G that is not in T, then which one of the following CANNOT be the value of d(u)-d(v)?
 A -1 B 0 C 1 D 2
GATE CSE 2015 SET-1   Algorithm
Question 8 Explanation:
 Question 9
Suppose depth first search is executed on the graph below starting at some unknown vertex. Assume that a recursive call to visit a vertex is made only after first checking that the vertex has not been visited earlier. Then the maximum possible recursion depth (including the initial call) is _________.
 A 16 B 19 C 17 D 20
GATE CSE 2014 SET-3   Algorithm
Question 9 Explanation:
 Question 10
Let G be a graph with n vertices and m edges. What is the tightest upper bound on the running time of Depth First Search on G, when G is represented as an adjacency matrix?
 A $\Theta (n)$ B $\Theta (n+m)$ C $\Theta (n^{2})$ D $\Theta (m^{2})$
GATE CSE 2014 SET-1   Algorithm
Question 10 Explanation:
There are 10 questions to complete.

## Verbal Ability

 Question 1
Six students P, Q, R, S, T and U, with distinct heights, compare their heights and make the following observations.

Observation I: S is taller than R.
Observation II: Q is the shortest of all.
Observation III: U is taller than only one student.
Observation IV: T is taller than S but is not the tallest

The number of students that are taller than R is the same as the number of students shorter than ____________.
 A T B R C S D P
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2   General Aptitude
Question 1 Explanation:
 Question 2
Listening to music during exercise improves performance and reduces discomfort. Scientists researched whether listening to music while studying can help students learn better and the results were inconclusive. Students who needed external stimulation for studying fared worse while students who did not need any external stimulation benefited from music.

Which one of the following statements is the CORRECT inference of the above passage?
 A Listening to music has no effect on learning and a positive effect on physical exercise B Listening to music has a clear positive effect both in physical exercise and on learning C Listening to music has a clear positive effect on physical exercise. Music has a positive effect on learning only in some students D Listening to music has a clear positive effect on learning in all students. Music has a positive effect only in some students who exercise
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2   General Aptitude
Question 2 Explanation:
 Question 3
Pen : Write :: Knife : _______

Which one of the following options maintains a similar logical relation in the above?
 A Vegetables B Sharp C Cut D Blunt
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2   General Aptitude
Question 3 Explanation:
 Question 4
Gauri said that she can play the keyboard __________ her sister.
 A as well as B as better as C as nicest as D as worse as
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2   General Aptitude
Question 4 Explanation:
 Question 5
Some people suggest anti-obesity measures (AOM) such as displaying calorie information in restaurant menus. Such measures sidestep addressing the core problems that cause obesity: poverty and income inequality.

Which one of the following statements summarizes the passage?
 A The proposed AOM addresses the core problems that cause obesity B If obesity reduces, poverty will naturally reduce, since obesity causes poverty C AOM are addressing the core problems and are likely to succeed D AOM are addressing the problem superficially
GATE CSE 2021 SET-1   General Aptitude
Question 5 Explanation:
 Question 6
Given below are two statements 1 and 2, and two conclusions I and II

Statement 1: All bacteria are microorganisms.
Statement 2: All pathogens are microorganisms.

Conclusion I: Some pathogens are bacteria.
Conclusion II: All pathogens are not bacteria.

Based on the above statements and conclusions, which one of the following options is logically CORRECT?
 A Only conclusion II is correct B Only conclusion IIII is correct C Either conclusion II or IIII is correct D Neither conclusion II nor IIII is correct
GATE CSE 2021 SET-1   General Aptitude
Question 6 Explanation:
 Question 7
There are five bags each containing identical sets of ten distinct chocolates. One chocolate is picked from each bag.
The probability that at least two chocolates are identical is _________
 A 0.3024 B 0.4235 C 0.6976 D 0.8125
GATE CSE 2021 SET-1   General Aptitude
Question 7 Explanation:
 Question 8
_________ is to surgery as writer is to ___________

Which one of the following options maintains a similar logical relation in the above sentence?
 A Plan, outline B Hospital, library C Doctor, book D Medicine, grammar
GATE CSE 2021 SET-1   General Aptitude
Question 8 Explanation:
 Question 9
Consider the following sentences:

i. Everybody in the class is prepared for the exam.
ii. Babu invited Danish to his home because he enjoys playing chess.

Which of the following is the CORRECT observation about the above two sentences?
 A (i) is grammatically correct and (ii) is unambiguous B (i) is grammatically incorrect and (ii) is unambiguous C (i) is grammatically correct and (ii) is ambiguous D (i) is grammatically incorrect and (ii) is ambiguous
GATE CSE 2021 SET-1   General Aptitude
Question 9 Explanation:
 Question 10
Goods and Services Tax (GST) is an indirect tax introduced in India in 2017 that is imposed on the supply of goods and services, and it subsumes all indirect taxes except few. It is a destination-based tax imposed on goods and services used, and it is not imposed at the point of origin from where goods come. GST also has a few components specific to state governments, central government and Union Territories (UTs).

Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the given passage?
 A GST is imposed on the production of goods and services. B GST includes all indirect taxes. C GST does not have a component specific to UT. D GST is imposed at the point of usage of goods and services.
GATE CSE 2020   General Aptitude
Question 10 Explanation:
There are 10 questions to complete.

## Numerical Ability

 Question 1

The number of units of a product sold in three different years and the respective net profits are presented in the figure above. The cost/unit in Year 3 was Re. 1, which was half the cost/unit in Year 2. The cost/unit in Year 3 was one-third of the cost/unit in Year 1. Taxes were paid on the selling price at 10%, 13%, and 15% respectively for the three years. Net profit is calculated as the difference between the selling price and teh sum of cost and taxes paid in that year.

The ratio of the selling price in Year 2 to the selling price in Year 3 is _________.
 A 4:03 B 1:01 C 3:04 D 1:02
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2   General Aptitude
Question 1 Explanation:
 Question 2
The number of students in three classes is in the ratio 3:13:6. If 18 students are added to each class, the ratio changes to 15:35:21.

The total number of students in all the three classes in the beginning was:
 A 22 B 66 C 88 D 110
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2   General Aptitude
Question 2 Explanation:
 Question 3

A jigsaw puzzle has 2 pieces. One of the pieces is shown above. Which one of the given options for the missing piece when assembled will form a rectangle? The piece can be moved, rotated or flipped to assemble with the above piece.

 A A B B C C D D
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2   General Aptitude
Question 3 Explanation:
 Question 4
If $\left( x - \dfrac{1}{2} \right)^2 - \left( x- \dfrac{3}{2} \right) ^2 = x+2$, then the value of $x$ is:
 A 2 B 4 C 6 D 8
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2   General Aptitude
Question 4 Explanation:
 Question 5
If $\theta$ is the angle, in degrees, between the longest diagonal of the cube and any one of the edges of the cube, then, $\cos \theta =$
 A $\frac{1}{2}$ B $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$ C $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ D $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2   General Aptitude
Question 5 Explanation:
 Question 6

A transparent square sheet shown above is folded along the dotted line. The folded sheet will look like ___________

 A A B B C C D D
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2   General Aptitude
Question 6 Explanation:
 Question 7
$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|} \hline \textbf{Items} & \textbf{Cost} & \textbf{Profit \%} & \textbf{Marked Price} \\ & (Rs.) & & (Rs.) \\ \hline P &5,400 &---&5,860\\ \hline Q&---&25&10,000\\ \hline \end{array}$

Details of prices of two items P and Q are presented in the above table. The ratio of cost of item P to cost of item Q is 3:4. Discount is calculated as the difference between the marked price and the selling price. The profit percentage is calculated as the ratio of the difference between selling price and cost, to the cost
$(\text{Profit} \%=\dfrac{\text{Selling price - Cost}}{\text{Cost}} \times 100)$
The discount on item Q, as a percentage of its marked price, is _______
 A 25 B 12.5 C 10 D 5
GATE CSE 2021 SET-1   General Aptitude
Question 7 Explanation:
 Question 8
We have 2 rectangular sheets of paper, M and N, of dimensions 6 cm x 1 cm each. Sheet M is rolled to form an open cylinder by bringing the short edges of the sheet together. Sheet N is cut into equal square patches and assembled to form the largest possible closed cube. Assuming the ends of the cylinder are closed, the ratio of the volume of the cylinder to that of the cube is _________
 A $\frac{\pi}{2}$ B $\frac{3}{\pi}$ C $\frac{9}{\pi}$ D $3 \pi$
GATE CSE 2021 SET-1   General Aptitude
Question 8 Explanation:
 Question 9

A circular sheet of paper is folded along the lines in the direction shown. The paper, after being punched in the final folded state as shown and unfolded in the reverse order of folding, will look like _______.
 A A B B C C D D
GATE CSE 2021 SET-1   General Aptitude
Question 9 Explanation:
 Question 10
A polygon is convex if, for every pair of points, P and Q belonging to the polygon, the line segment PQ lies completely inside or on the polygon.
Which one of the following is NOT a convex polygon?
 A A B B C C D D
GATE CSE 2021 SET-1   General Aptitude
Question 10 Explanation:

There are 10 questions to complete.

## General Aptitude

 Question 1
Six students P, Q, R, S, T and U, with distinct heights, compare their heights and make the following observations.

Observation I: S is taller than R.
Observation II: Q is the shortest of all.
Observation III: U is taller than only one student.
Observation IV: T is taller than S but is not the tallest

The number of students that are taller than R is the same as the number of students shorter than ____________.
 A T B R C S D P
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2      Verbal Ability
Question 1 Explanation:
 Question 2

The number of units of a product sold in three different years and the respective net profits are presented in the figure above. The cost/unit in Year 3 was Re. 1, which was half the cost/unit in Year 2. The cost/unit in Year 3 was one-third of the cost/unit in Year 1. Taxes were paid on the selling price at 10%, 13%, and 15% respectively for the three years. Net profit is calculated as the difference between the selling price and teh sum of cost and taxes paid in that year.

The ratio of the selling price in Year 2 to the selling price in Year 3 is _________.
 A 4:03 B 1:01 C 3:04 D 1:02
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2      Numerical Ability
Question 2 Explanation:
 Question 3
The number of students in three classes is in the ratio 3:13:6. If 18 students are added to each class, the ratio changes to 15:35:21.

The total number of students in all the three classes in the beginning was:
 A 22 B 66 C 88 D 110
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2      Numerical Ability
Question 3 Explanation:
 Question 4

A jigsaw puzzle has 2 pieces. One of the pieces is shown above. Which one of the given options for the missing piece when assembled will form a rectangle? The piece can be moved, rotated or flipped to assemble with the above piece.

 A A B B C C D D
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2      Numerical Ability
Question 4 Explanation:
 Question 5
Listening to music during exercise improves performance and reduces discomfort. Scientists researched whether listening to music while studying can help students learn better and the results were inconclusive. Students who needed external stimulation for studying fared worse while students who did not need any external stimulation benefited from music.

Which one of the following statements is the CORRECT inference of the above passage?
 A Listening to music has no effect on learning and a positive effect on physical exercise B Listening to music has a clear positive effect both in physical exercise and on learning C Listening to music has a clear positive effect on physical exercise. Music has a positive effect on learning only in some students D Listening to music has a clear positive effect on learning in all students. Music has a positive effect only in some students who exercise
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2      Verbal Ability
Question 5 Explanation:
 Question 6
Pen : Write :: Knife : _______

Which one of the following options maintains a similar logical relation in the above?
 A Vegetables B Sharp C Cut D Blunt
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2      Verbal Ability
Question 6 Explanation:
 Question 7
If $\left( x - \dfrac{1}{2} \right)^2 - \left( x- \dfrac{3}{2} \right) ^2 = x+2$, then the value of $x$ is:
 A 2 B 4 C 6 D 8
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2      Numerical Ability
Question 7 Explanation:
 Question 8
If $\theta$ is the angle, in degrees, between the longest diagonal of the cube and any one of the edges of the cube, then, $\cos \theta =$
 A $\frac{1}{2}$ B $\frac{1}{\sqrt{3}}$ C $\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}$ D $\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}$
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2      Numerical Ability
Question 8 Explanation:
 Question 9

A transparent square sheet shown above is folded along the dotted line. The folded sheet will look like ___________

 A A B B C C D D
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2      Numerical Ability
Question 9 Explanation:
 Question 10
Gauri said that she can play the keyboard __________ her sister.
 A as well as B as better as C as nicest as D as worse as
GATE CSE 2021 SET-2      Verbal Ability
Question 10 Explanation:

There are 10 questions to complete.

## ISRO SC/Engineer Computer Science Study Materials

There is no official syllabus declared by ISRO for SC/Engineer Computer Science recruitment. Majority of the syllabus for ISRO SC/Engineer Computer Science is similar to GATE CSE. Base don the analysis of previous year ISRO SC/Engineer Computer Science papers, questions from software Engineering and Web Technology are also asked.

Therefore, for ISRO SC/Engineer Computer Science preparation, focus on previous year GATE questions as majorly similar patterns are there in ISRO and questions from software Engineering and Web Technology. Following links are very useful for ISRO SC/Engineer Computer Science preparation.

ISRO CSE MOCK Test Series

ISRO CSE Notes – subject wise notes for ISRO SC/Engineer Computer Science

Topic wise practice of ISRO SC/Engineer Computer Science previous year papers

Subject wise practice of  ISRO SC/Engineer Computer Science previous year papers

Year wise practice of ISRO SC/Engineer Computer Science previous year papers

## ISRO CSE 2020

 Question 1
The immediate addressing mode can be used for
2. Perform arithmetic or logical operation on data contained in instructions
Which of the following is true?
 A Only 1 B Only 2 C Both 1 and 2 D Immediate mode refers to data in cache
Question 1 Explanation:
 Question 2
Statements associated with registers of a CPU are given. Identify the false statement.
 A The program counter holds the memory address of the instruction in execution B Only opcode is transferred to the control unit C An instruction in the instruction register consists of the opcode and the operand D The value of the program counter is incremented by 1 once its value has been read to the memory address register
Computer Organization   Machine Instruction
Question 2 Explanation:
 Question 3
Which of the following affects the processing power assuming they do not influence each other
1. Data bus capability
3. Clock speed
 A 3 only B 1 and 3 only C 2 and 3 only D 1,2 and 3
Computer Organization
Question 3 Explanation:
 Question 4
Convert the pre-fix expression to in-fix $-^{*}+A B C^{*}-D E+F G$
 A $(A-B)^{*} C+\left(D^{*} E\right)-(F+G)$ B $(A+B)^{*} C-(D-E)^{*}(F-G)$ C $(A+B-C)^{*}(D-E)^{*}(F+G)$ D $(((A+B)*C)-((D-E)*(F+G)))$
Data Structure   Stack
Question 4 Explanation:
Originally all Options are wrong. We have modified one option.
 Question 5
An array of 2 two byte integers is stored in big endian machine in byte addresses as shown below. What will be its storage pattern in little endian machine ?
$\begin{array}{c|c}\text{Address}& \text{Data}\\\hline0 \times 104&78\\0 \times 103&56\\0 \times 102&34\\0 \times 101&12\end{array}$
 A $\begin{array}{c|c}\text{Address}& \text{Data}\\\hline0 \times 104&12\\0 \times 103&56\\0 \times 102&34\\0 \times 101&78\end{array}$ B $\begin{array}{c|c}\text{Address}& \text{Data}\\\hline0 \times 104&12\\0 \times 103&34\\0 \times 102&56\\0 \times 101&78\end{array} \\$ C $\begin{array}{c|c}\text{Address}& \text{Data}\\\hline0 \times 104&56\\0 \times 103&78\\0 \times 102&12\\0 \times 101&34\end{array} \\$ D $\begin{array}{c|c}\text{Address}& \text{Data}\\\hline0 \times 104&56\\0 \times 103&12\\0 \times 102&78\\0 \times 101&34\end{array}$
Question 5 Explanation:
 Question 6
A non-pipelined CPU has 12 general purpose registers?(R0,R1,R2,...,R12). Following operations are supported

ADD Ra, Rb, Rr Add Ra to Rb and store the result in Rr
MUL Ra, Rb, Rr Multiply Ra to Rb and store the result in Rr

MUL operation takes two clock cycles, ADD takes one clock cycle.

Calculate minimum number of clock cycles required to compute the value of the expression XY+XYZ+YZ. The variable X,Y,Z are initially available in registers R0,R1 and R2 and contents of these registers must not be modified.
 A 5 B 6 C 7 D 8
Computer Organization   Machine Instruction
Question 6 Explanation:
 Question 7
Consider a 5- segment pipeline with a clock cycle time 20 ns in each sub operation. Find out the approximate speed-up ratio between pipelined and non-pipelined system to execute 100 instructions. (if an average, every five cycles, a bubble due to data hazard has to be introduced in the pipeline)
 A 5 B 4.03 C 4.81 D 4.17
Computer Organization   Pipeline Processor
Question 7 Explanation:
 Question 8
Consider a 32- bit processor which supports 70 instructions. Each instruction is 32 bit long and has 4 fields namely opcode, two register identifiers and an immediate operand of unsigned integer type. Maximum value of the immediate operand that can be supported by the processor is 8191. How many registers the processor has?
 A 32 B 64 C 128 D 16
Computer Organization   Machine Instruction
Question 8 Explanation:
 Question 9
In a 8-bit ripple carry adder using identical full adders, each full adder takes 34 ns for computing sum. If the time taken for 8-bit addition is 90 ns, find time taken by each full adder to find carry.
 A 6 ns B 7 ns C 10 ns D 8 ns
Digital Logic   Combinational Circuit
Question 9 Explanation:
 Question 10
Following Multiplexer circuit is equivalent to

 A Sum equation of full adder B Carry equation of full adder C Borrow equation for full subtractor D Difference equation of a full subtractor
Digital Logic   Combinational Circuit
Question 10 Explanation:
There are 10 questions to complete.

## ISRO CSE 2018

 Question 1
Consider the following program
{
int x=1;
printf("%d",(*char(char*)&x));
} 
Assuming required header files are included and if the machine in which this program is executed is little endian, then the output will be
 A 0 B 99999999 C 1 D unpredictable
C Programming   Array and Pointer
Question 1 Explanation:
 Question 2
Consider the following declaration :
 structaddr {
char city[10];
char street[30];
int pin;
};
struct {
char name[30];
int gender;
} person, *kd = &person;
Then $^{\star}(k d->\text { name }+2)$ can be used instead of:
 A person.name+2 B $k d->(\text { name }+2)$ C $*((* k d) . \text { name }+2)$ D either (A) or(B), not (C)
C Programming   Array and Pointer
Question 2 Explanation:
 Question 3
If a variable can take only integral values from 0 to n, where n is an integer, then the variable can be represented as a bit-field whose width is (the log in the answer are to the base 2, and $\lceil\log n\rceil$ means the floor of $\log_{}{n}$ )
 A $\left \lceil \log (n) \right \rceil + 1 \text{ bits}$ B $\left \lceil \log (n-1) \right \rceil + 1 \text{ bits}$ C $\left \lceil \log (n+1) \right \rceil + 1\text{ bits}$ D None of the above
Digital Logic   Number System
Question 3 Explanation:
 Question 4
The following C program:
 {
fork(); fork(); printf("yes");

}
If we execute this core segment, how many times the string yes will be printed?
 A Only once B 2 times C 4 times D 8 times
Operating System   System Call
Question 4 Explanation:
 Question 5
Considering the following table in a relational database :
$\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|} \hline \text { Last Name } & \text { Rank } & \text { Room } & \text { Shift } \\ \hline \text { Smith } & \text { Manager } & 234 & \text { Morning } \\ \hline \text { Jones } & \text { Custodian } & 33 & \text { Afternoon } \\ \hline \text { Smith } & \text { Custodian } & 33 & \text { Evening } \\ \hline \text { Doe } & \text { Clerical } & 222 & \text { Morning } \\ \hline \end{array}$
According to the data shown in the table, which of the following could be a candidate key of the table?
 A {Last Name} B {Room} C {Shift} D {Room, Shift}
Database Management System   Relational Schema
Question 5 Explanation:
 Question 6
A data driven machine is one that executes an instruction if the needed data is available. The physical ordering of the code listing does not dictate the course of execution. Consider the following pseudo-code:

A. Multiply E by 0.5 to get F
B. Add A and B to get E
C. Add B with 0.5 to get D
D. Add E and F to get G
E. Add A with 10.5 to get C

Assume A,B,C are already assigned values and the desired output is G. Which of the following sequence of execution is valid?
 A B, C, D, A, E B C, B, E, A, D C A, B, C, D, E D E, D, C, B, A
Computer Organization   Machine Instruction
Question 6 Explanation:
 Question 7
Assume A and B are non-zero positive integers. The following code segment:
 while(A!=B){
if(A> B)
A -= B;
else
B -= A;
}
cout << A; // printing the value of A
 A Computes the LCM of two numbers B Divides the larger number by the smaller number C Computes the GCD of two numbers D Finds the smaller of two numbers
C Programming   Conditional Statement
Question 7 Explanation:
 Question 8
A language with string manipulation facilities uses the following operations.

head(s)- returns the first character of the string s
tails(s)- returns all but the first character of the string s
concat(s1,s2)- concatenates string s1 with s2.

 A ab B ba C ac D aa
C Programming   Function
Question 8 Explanation:
 Question 9

In the diagram above, the inverter (NOT gate) and the AND-gates labeled 1 and 2 have delays of 9, 10 and 12 nanoseconds (ns), respectively. Wire delays are negligible. For certain values a and c, together with certain transition of b, a glitch (spurious output) is generated for a short time, after which the output assumes its correct value. The duration of glitch is:
 A 7 ns B 9 ns C 11 ns D 13 ns
Digital Logic   Boolean Algebra
Question 9 Explanation:
 Question 10
Which of the following comparisons between static and dynamic type checking incorrect?
 A Dynamic type checking slows down the execution B Dynamic type checking offers more flexibility to the programmers C In contrast to Static type checking, dynamic type checking may cause failure in runtime due to type errors D Unlike static type checking dynamic type checking is done during compilation
Compiler Design   Runtime Environment
Question 10 Explanation:
There are 10 questions to complete.

## ISRO CSE 2017

 Question 1
If A is a skew symmetric matrix then $A^{t}$ is
 A Diagonal matrix B A C 0 D -A
Engineering Mathematics   Linear Algebra
Question 1 Explanation:
 Question 2
Let $A$ and $B$ be any two arbitrary events, then, which one of the following is TRUE?
 A $P(A \cap B)=P(A) P(B)$ B $P(A \cup B)=P(A)+P(B)$ C $P(A \mid B)=P(A \cap B) P(B)$ D $P(A \cup B) \leq P(A)+P(B)$
Discrete Mathematics   Probability Theory
Question 2 Explanation:
 Question 3
Using Newton-Raphson method, a root correct to 3 decimal places of $x^{3}-3 x-5=0$
 A 2.222 B 2.275 C 2.279 D None of the above
Engineering Mathematics   Numerical Method
Question 3 Explanation:
 Question 4
What does a data dictionary will identify?
 A Field name B Field format C Field types D All of the above
Database Management System   Relational Schema
Question 4 Explanation:
 Question 5
Which of the following concurrency control protocol ensures both conflict and free from deadlock? ,
 A Time stamp ordering B 2 Phase locking C Both (A) and (B) D None of the above
Database Management System   Transaction
Question 5 Explanation:
 Question 6
ACID properties of a transactions are
 A Atomicity, consistency, isolation, database B Atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability C Atomicity, consistency, integrity, durability D Atomicity, consistency, integrity, database
Database Management System   Transaction
Question 6 Explanation:
 Question 7
$\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|} \hline \textbf{Employee} & \textbf{Department} & \textbf{OT allowance} \\ \hline \text{RAMA} & \text{Mechanical} & \text{5000} \\\hline \text{GOPI} & \text{Electrical} & \text{2000} \\\hline \text{SINDHU} & \text{Computer} & \text{4000} \\\hline \text{MAHESH} & \text{Civil} & \text{1500} \\\hline \end{array}$
What is the output of the following SQL query?
 select count(*) from
((select Employee, Department from Overtime_allowance)
natural join
(select Department, OT_allowance from Overtime_allowance)
as T);
 A 16 B 4 C 8 D None of the above
Database Management System   SQL
Question 7 Explanation:
 Question 8
Which symbol denote derived attributes in ER Model?
 A Double ellipse B Dashed ellipse C Squared ellipse D Ellipse with attribute name underlined
Database Management System   ER Model
Question 8 Explanation:
 Question 9
The symmetric difference of sets A={1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8} and B={1,3,5,6,7,8,9} is:
 A {1,3,5,6,7,8} B {2,4,9} C {2,4} D {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
Discrete Mathematics   Set Theory
Question 9 Explanation:
 Question 10
The problem 3-SAT and 2-SAT are
 A both in P B both NP complete C NP -complete and in P respectively D undecidable and NP complete respectively
Algorithm   P-NP Theory
Question 10 Explanation:
There are 10 questions to complete.

## ISRO CSE 2016

 Question 1
Which of the following is true ?
 A $\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7}=\sqrt{10}$ B $\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7}\leq \sqrt{10}$ C $\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7} \lt \sqrt{10}$ D $\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{7} \gt \sqrt{10}$
General Aptitude   Numerical Ability
Question 1 Explanation:
 Question 2
What is the sum to infinity of the series,
$3+6 x^{2}+9 x^{4}+12 x^{6}+\ldots \text { given }|x| \lt 1$
 A $\frac{3}{(1+x^{2})}$ B $\frac{3}{(1+x^{2})^{2}}$ C $\frac{3}{(1-x^{2})^{2}}$ D $\frac{3}{(1-x^{2})}$
Engineering Mathematics   Numerical Method
Question 2 Explanation:
 Question 3
$\lim_{x\rightarrow 0}\frac{\sqrt{1+x}-\sqrt{1-x}}{x}$ is given by
 A 0 B -1 C 1 D $\frac{1}{2}$
Engineering Mathematics   Calculus
Question 3 Explanation:
 Question 4
$f (G,.)$ is a group such that $(ab)^{-1}=a^{-1}b^{-1},\forall a,b \in G$, then $G$ is a/an
 A Commutative semi group B Abelian group C Non-abelian group D None of these
Discrete Mathematics   Group Theory
Question 4 Explanation:
 Question 5
A given connected graph G is a Euler Graph if and only if all vertices of G are of
 A same degree B even degree C odd degree D different degree
Discrete Mathematics   Graph Theory
Question 5 Explanation:
 Question 6
The maximum number of edges in a n-node undirected graph without self loops is
 A $n^2$ B $\frac{n(n-1)}{2}$ C n-1 D $\frac{(n+1)(n)}{2}$
Discrete Mathematics   Graph Theory
Question 6 Explanation:
 Question 7
The minimum number of $\text{NAND}$ gates required to implement the Boolean function $A + A\bar{B} + A\bar{B}C$ is equal to
 A 0 (Zero) B 1 C 4 D 7
Digital Logic   Boolean Algebra
Question 7 Explanation:
 Question 8
The minimum Boolean expression for the following circuit is

 A AB+AC+BC B A+BC C A+B D A+B+C
Digital Logic   Boolean Algebra
Question 8 Explanation:
 Question 9
For a binary half-subtractor having two inputs A and B, the correct set of logical outputs D(=A minus B) and X(=borrow) are
 A $D=AB+\bar{A}B, X=\bar{A}B$ B $D=\bar{A}B+A\bar{B}, X=A\bar{B}$ C $D=\bar{A}B+A\bar{B}, X=\bar{A} B$ D $D=AB+\bar{A}B, X=A\bar{B}$
Digital Logic   Combinational Circuit
Question 9 Explanation:
 Question 10
Consider the following gate network

Which one of the following gates is redundant?
 A Gate No. 1 B Gate No. 2 C Gate No. 3 D Gate No. 4
Digital Logic   Boolean Algebra
Question 10 Explanation:
There are 10 questions to complete.