# Geometric Design of Highway and Planning

 Question 1
A parabolic vertical crest curve connects two road segments with grades +1.0% and -2.0%. If a 200 m stopping sight distance is needed for a driver at a height of 1.2 m to avoid an obstacle of height 0.15 m, then the minimum curve length should be ______ m. (round off to the nearest integer)
 A 241 B 365 C 115 D 273
GATE CE 2022 SET-2   Transportation Engineering
Question 1 Explanation:
Given that, $n_1=+1%$ and $n_2=-2%$
$n=n_1-n_2=3%$
SSD = 200 m
and $h_1= 1.2 m$ and $h_2= 0.15 m$
as given $n_1$ up gradient, and $n_2$ - down gradient.
So curve is summit curve.
Assume L > SSD
\begin{aligned} L &=\frac{NS^2}{2(\sqrt{n_1}+\sqrt{n_2})^2} \\ &= \frac{3}{100} \times \frac{(200)^2}{2 \times (\sqrt{1.2}+\sqrt{0.15})^2}\\ &=272.91>200 \\ L&=272.91m \end{aligned}
 Question 2
The base length of the runway at the mean sea level (MSL) is 1500 m. If the runway is located at an altitude of 300 m above the MSL, the actual length (in m) of the runway to be provided is ____________. (round off to the nearest integer)
 A 1245 B 2354 C 1605 D 1248
GATE CE 2022 SET-2   Transportation Engineering
Question 2 Explanation:
Correction for elevation = It should increase at a rate of 7% per 300 m rise in elevation from MSL.
Given that
Basic runway length as MSL =1500m
Elevation =300m
Correction $=\frac{7}{100}\times \frac{300}{300}\times 1500=105m$
The actual length of runway= 1500+150=1605m
 Question 3
The vehicle count obtained in every 10 minute interval of a traffic volume survey done in peak one hour is given below.
$\begin{array}{|c|c|}\hline \text{Time Interval}& \text{Vehicle Count} \\ \text{(in minutes)}& \\ \hline 0-10& 10\\ \hline 10-20 &11\\ \hline 20-30&12\\ \hline 30-40&15\\ \hline 40-50 & 13\\ \hline 50-60 &11\\ \hline \end{array}$
The peak hour factor (PHF) for 10 minute sub-interval is __________. (round off to one decimal place)
 A 0.2 B 0.4 C 0.8 D 0.1
GATE CE 2022 SET-1   Transportation Engineering
Question 3 Explanation:
\begin{aligned} PHF&=\frac{\text{Peak flow during 1hour}}{6 \times \text{Peak flow during 10 minutes}}\\ &=\frac{10+11+12+15+13+11}{6 \times 15}\\ &=\frac{72}{6 \times 15}\\ &=0.8 \end{aligned}
 Question 4
A horizontal curve is to be designed in a region with limited space. Which of the following measure(s) can be used to decrease the radius of curvature?
 A Decrease the design speed. B Increase the superelevation. C Increase the design speed. D Restrict vehicles with higher weight from using the facility.
GATE CE 2022 SET-1   Transportation Engineering
Question 4 Explanation:
$e+f=\frac{V^2}{127R}$
$R=\frac{V^2}{127(e+f)}$
 Question 5
The stopping sight distance (SSD) for a level highway is 140 m for the design speed of 90 km/h. The acceleration due to gravity and deceleration rate are $9.81 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s^2}$ and $3.5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s^2}$, respectively. The perception/reaction time (in s,round off to two decimal places) used in the SSD calculation is ______________
 A 6.14 B 5.02 C 2.02 D 4.12
GATE CE 2021 SET-2   Transportation Engineering
Question 5 Explanation:
\begin{aligned} \mathrm{SSD} &=140 \mathrm{~m} \\ V &=90 \mathrm{kmph} \\ a &=3.5 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^{2} \\ \mathrm{SSD} &=V t_{R}+\frac{V^{2}}{2 g f} \\ a &=g f \\ 140 &=\left(\frac{5}{18} \times 90 \times t_{R}\right)+\frac{\left(\frac{5}{18} \times 90\right)^{2}}{2 \times 3.5} \\ t_{R} &=2.028 \mathrm{~seconds} \end{aligned}
 Question 6
On a road, the speed - density relationship of a traffic stream is given by u=70 - 0.7k (where speed, u, is in km/h and density, k is in veh/km). At the capacity condition, the average time headway will be
 A 0.5s B 1.0s C 1.6s D 2.1s
GATE CE 2021 SET-1   Transportation Engineering
Question 6 Explanation:
\begin{aligned} \mathrm{u}&=70-0.07 \mathrm{k} \\ \mathrm{u}&=70\left[1-\frac{\mathrm{k}}{\frac{70}{0.7}}\right]\\ V_{f} &=70 \mathrm{kmph} \\ \mathrm{k}_{\mathrm{j}} &=\frac{70}{0.7}=100 \mathrm{veh} / \mathrm{km} \\ \mathrm{q}_{\max } &=\frac{1}{4} V_{f} k_{j}=\left(\frac{1}{4} \times 70 \times 100\right)=1750 \mathrm{veh} / \mathrm{hr} \\ \mathrm{q}_{\max } &=\frac{3600}{h_{i}} \\ 1750 &=\frac{300}{h_{i}}\\ & \text{Average time headway}\\ h_{i}&=\frac{3600}{1750}=2.057=2.1 \mathrm{sec} \end{aligned}
 Question 7
A highway designed for 80 km/h speed has a horizontal curve section with radius 250 m. If the design lateral friction is assumed to develop fully, the required super elevation is
 A 0.02 B 0.05 C 0.07 D 0.09
GATE CE 2021 SET-1   Transportation Engineering
Question 7 Explanation:
\begin{aligned} V &=80 \mathrm{kmph}, R=250 \mathrm{~m} \\ e+f &=\frac{V^{2}}{127 R} \\ e+0.15 &=\frac{80^{2}}{127 \times 250} \\ e &=0.051 \end{aligned}
 Question 8
The shape of the most commonly designed highway vertical curve is
 A circular (single radius) B circular (multiple radii) C parabolic D spiral
GATE CE 2021 SET-1   Transportation Engineering
Question 8 Explanation:
The ideal vertical curve is a $2^{\circ}$ parabola.
 Question 9
The design speed of a two-lane two-way road is 60 km/h and the longitudinal coefficient of friction is 0.36. The reaction time of a driver is 2.5 seconds. Consider acceleration due to gravity as 9.8 $m/s^2$. The intermediate sight distance (in m, round off to the nearest integer) required for the load is ________
 A 124 B 246 C 186 D 162
GATE CE 2020 SET-2   Transportation Engineering
Question 9 Explanation:
Given : f = 0.36; v = 60 km; g = 9.8 $m/s^2;\; t_R=2.5s$
\begin{aligned} SSD&= \left ( 0.278Vt_R+\frac{V^2}{254f} \right )\\ &= 0.278 \times 60 \times 2.5 +\frac{60^2}{254 \times 0.36}\\ &= 41.7+39.37=81m\\ ISD &=2 \times SSD\\ &=81 \times 2=162m \end{aligned}
 Question 10
In an urban area, a median is provided to separate the opposing streams of traffic. As per IRC : 86-1983, the desirable minimum width (in m, expressed as integer) of the median, is __________.
 A 1.2 B 5 C 7.5 D 2.6
GATE CE 2020 SET-1   Transportation Engineering
Question 10 Explanation:
As per IRC : 86-1983
Desirable minimum width of median in urban roads = 5 m
There are 10 questions to complete.

### 3 thoughts on “Geometric Design of Highway and Planning”

1. Very helpful. Thanku so much🔥